Multiple Chinese survey and surveillance vessels have been observed operating in the Indian Ocean Region (IOR), following their previous deployment in the South China Sea. This development aligns with the expansionist ambitions of the People’s Liberation Army (PLA) Navy, aiming to establish carrier task force patrols in the Indo-Pacific by 2025.
Among the vessels is the Xiang Yang Hong 01, a sophisticated surveillance ship currently conducting trials of high-endurance autonomous underwater vehicles in international waters west of the Andaman Islands. These vehicles can explore depths of nearly 12 kilometres, mapping the ocean floor for future submarine operations. The Xiang Yang Hong 01 has remained stationed in the area since March.
Another vessel, the Xiang Yang Hong 03, is engaged in ocean observation and hydrographic surveying off the coast of the Maldives, collaborating with the Maldivian government. The Indian Navy is closely monitoring their movements to validate ocean models for potential future deployments.
China’s maritime presence extends further with the surveillance ship Da Yang Hao positioned south of Port Louis in Mauritius, accompanied by the 45th PLA anti-piracy escort force. The 46th anti-piracy task force is operating in the Gulf of Aden. However, no intercepts of pirates or neutralization of missiles have been reported.
These deployments showcase China’s determination to strengthen its global naval presence and influence maritime policies. India, anticipating increased maritime coercion, must enhance its naval capabilities to effectively deter and respond to such threats.
