India is striving to establish itself as a major sea power, but it faces significant challenges in matching up to its formidable neighbor, China. While India’s recent move to export BrahMos missiles to the Philippines, governed by an anti-China government, is a positive step, experts question whether it will truly enhance India’s security standing in the region compared to China.
India’s defense exports have surged due to the government’s “Make In India” initiative, positioning the country as a credible arms exporter. However, India still has a long way to go compared to China, which has become the world’s second-largest defense spender under President Xi Jinping, allocating a massive $296 billion in 2023. India ranks fourth with a budget of $84 billion, according to SIPRI.
China’s relentless increase in defense spending has prompted India to bolster its own military capabilities. While India aims to boost defense exports, it must also prioritize the development of domestic defense production, as self-sufficiency in advanced technology and weaponry is vital for effective competition with China.
India remains the world’s top defense importer, primarily relying on Russia. However, the government is actively seeking to expand defense exports, including BrahMos missiles, fighter jets, armored vehicles, offshore patrol vessels, and guns, aiming to triple annual defense exports to Rs 35,000 crore by 2024-25.
To establish itself as a net security provider, India must confront its adversaries openly, particularly China, and effectively leverage its Quad partnership with Japan, the United States, and Australia. India’s absence in recent joint naval drills in the South China Sea raises concerns about its positioning as a major sea power.
Active participation in regional exercises is crucial for countering China’s influence and asserting India’s presence in the Indo-Pacific region. Navigating challenges and seizing opportunities will determine India’s path to becoming a major sea power.
