Understanding the difference between sunscreen and sunblock is essential for effective sun protection.
As Dr. Mikki Singh, founder and medical director of Bodycraft Clinic, explains, sunscreens utilize chemical ingredients such as oxybenzone and avobenzone to absorb UV rays.
Meanwhile, sunblock, according to Dr. Neha S., a dermatologist at Grass, forms a physical shield on the skin with components like zinc oxide and titanium dioxide, reflecting and scattering harmful UV rays.
While both products are designed to protect the skin, sunblock is often less irritating, making it a better choice for those with sensitive skin.
Though sunscreen and sunblock are frequently used interchangeably, their functions are distinct. Sunscreens, often referred to as chemical sunscreens, absorb ultraviolet (UV) radiation, converting it into heat and then releasing it from the skin. Dr. Singh highlights common ingredients in these products, such as oxybenzone, avobenzone, and octinoxate.
In contrast, sunblock, also known as physical sunscreen, works by creating a barrier on the skin that reflects and scatters UV rays. Zinc oxide and titanium dioxide are key active ingredients in these physical sunscreens. Dr. Neha points out that while both sunscreen and sunblock are effective in preventing tanning, individuals with sensitive skin may opt for sunblock to avoid irritation.
While melanin, the pigment responsible for skin color, does provide some natural UV protection, it varies among individuals and is not sufficient to entirely prevent skin cancer.
Both Dr. Singh and Dr. Neha agree that the choice between chemical and physical sunscreen does not significantly impact the risk of skin cancer based on melanin levels. Regular and proper application of a broad-spectrum sunscreen with a high SPF is crucial for everyone, regardless of skin tone.
Dr. Neha mentions that GRASS’s research on whipped sunscreen highlights the need to avoid oxybenzone and avobenzone in formulations for sensitive skin due to their potential for irritation.
When it comes to protecting children’s delicate skin, the stakes are even higher. Dr. Singh emphasizes the importance of using a broad-spectrum sunscreen with an SPF of at least 30, reapplying it every two hours or more frequently if swimming or sweating.
Physical sunscreens with zinc oxide or titanium dioxide are generally safer for infants and children. Additionally, protective clothing, seeking shade during peak sun hours, and teaching children about sun safety are crucial steps in ensuring their well-being.
